wifi-ie-fragment-test.cc

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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2022 Universita' degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 *
 * Author: Stefano Avallone <stavallo@unina.it>
 */
 
#include "ns3/header-serialization-test.h"
#include "ns3/log.h"
#include "ns3/supported-rates.h"
#include "ns3/wifi-information-element.h"
#include "ns3/wifi-mgt-header.h"
 
#include <list>
#include <numeric>
#include <optional>
 
using namespace ns3;
 
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE("WifiIeFragmentTest");
 
/// whether the test Information Element includes an Element ID Extension field
static bool g_extendedIe = false;
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi-test
 * \ingroup tests
 *
 * Subelement to test fragmentation. Its content is a sequence of bytes
 * of configurable size.
 */
class TestWifiSubElement : public WifiInformationElement
{
  public:
    TestWifiSubElement() = default;
 
    /**
     * Construct a test subelement containing a sequence of bytes of the given
     * size and with the given initial value.
     *
     * \param count the number of bytes to append
     * \param start the initial value for the sequence of bytes to add
     */
    TestWifiSubElement(uint16_t count, uint8_t start);
 
    WifiInformationElementId ElementId() const override;
 
  private:
    uint16_t GetInformationFieldSize() const override;
    void SerializeInformationField(Buffer::Iterator start) const override;
    uint16_t DeserializeInformationField(Buffer::Iterator start, uint16_t length) override;
 
    std::list<uint8_t> m_content; ///< content of the IE
};
 
TestWifiSubElement::TestWifiSubElement(uint16_t count, uint8_t start)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << count << +start);
    m_content.resize(count);
    std::iota(m_content.begin(), m_content.end(), start);
}
 
WifiInformationElementId
TestWifiSubElement::ElementId() const
{
    return 0;
}
 
uint16_t
TestWifiSubElement::GetInformationFieldSize() const
{
    return m_content.size();
}
 
void
TestWifiSubElement::SerializeInformationField(Buffer::Iterator start) const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    for (const auto& byte : m_content)
    {
        start.WriteU8(byte);
    }
}
 
uint16_t
TestWifiSubElement::DeserializeInformationField(Buffer::Iterator start, uint16_t length)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << length);
    m_content.clear();
    for (uint16_t i = 0; i < length; i++)
    {
        m_content.push_back(start.ReadU8());
    }
    return length;
}
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi-test
 * \ingroup tests
 *
 * Information Element to test IE fragmentation. Its content is one or more
 * test subelements.
 */
class TestWifiInformationElement : public WifiInformationElement
{
  public:
    /**
     * Constructor
     * \param extended whether this IE includes an Element ID Extension field
     */
    TestWifiInformationElement(bool extended);
 
    WifiInformationElementId ElementId() const override;
    WifiInformationElementId ElementIdExt() const override;
    /**
     * Append the given subelement.
     *
     * \param subelement the subelement to append
     */
    void AddSubelement(TestWifiSubElement&& subelement);
 
  private:
    uint16_t GetInformationFieldSize() const override;
    void SerializeInformationField(Buffer::Iterator start) const override;
    uint16_t DeserializeInformationField(Buffer::Iterator start, uint16_t length) override;
 
    bool m_extended;                         ///< whether this IE has an Element ID Extension field
    std::list<TestWifiSubElement> m_content; ///< content of the IE
};
 
TestWifiInformationElement::TestWifiInformationElement(bool extended)
    : m_extended(extended)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << extended);
}
 
WifiInformationElementId
TestWifiInformationElement::ElementId() const
{
    return m_extended ? 255 : 2; // reserved in 802.11-2020
}
 
WifiInformationElementId
TestWifiInformationElement::ElementIdExt() const
{
    NS_ABORT_IF(!m_extended);
    return 32; // reserved in 802.11-2020
}
 
void
TestWifiInformationElement::AddSubelement(TestWifiSubElement&& subelement)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    m_content.push_back(std::move(subelement));
}
 
uint16_t
TestWifiInformationElement::GetInformationFieldSize() const
{
    uint16_t size = (m_extended ? 1 : 0);
    for (const auto& subelement : m_content)
    {
        size += subelement.GetSerializedSize();
    }
    return size;
}
 
void
TestWifiInformationElement::SerializeInformationField(Buffer::Iterator start) const
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    for (const auto& subelement : m_content)
    {
        start = subelement.Serialize(start);
    }
}
 
uint16_t
TestWifiInformationElement::DeserializeInformationField(Buffer::Iterator start, uint16_t length)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << length);
 
    Buffer::Iterator i = start;
    uint16_t count = 0;
 
    while (count < length)
    {
        TestWifiSubElement subelement;
        i = subelement.Deserialize(i);
        m_content.push_back(std::move(subelement));
        count = i.GetDistanceFrom(start);
    }
    return count;
}
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi-test
 * \ingroup tests
 *
 * Test header that can contain multiple test information elements.
 */
class TestHeader
    : public WifiMgtHeader<TestHeader, std::tuple<std::vector<TestWifiInformationElement>>>
{
    friend class WifiMgtHeader<TestHeader, std::tuple<std::vector<TestWifiInformationElement>>>;
 
  public:
    ~TestHeader() override = default;
 
    /**
     * \brief Get the type ID.
     * \return the object TypeId
     */
    static TypeId GetTypeId();
 
    /**
     * \return the TypeId for this object.
     */
    TypeId GetInstanceTypeId() const override;
 
  private:
    /**
     * \param optElem the MultiLinkElement object to initialize for deserializing the
     *                information element into
     */
    void InitForDeserialization(std::optional<TestWifiInformationElement>& optElem);
};
 
NS_OBJECT_ENSURE_REGISTERED(TestHeader);
 
ns3::TypeId
TestHeader::GetTypeId()
{
    static TypeId tid = TypeId("ns3::TestHeader")
                            .SetParent<Header>()
                            .SetGroupName("Wifi")
                            .AddConstructor<TestHeader>();
    return tid;
}
 
TypeId
TestHeader::GetInstanceTypeId() const
{
    return GetTypeId();
}
 
void
TestHeader::InitForDeserialization(std::optional<TestWifiInformationElement>& optElem)
{
    optElem.emplace(g_extendedIe);
}
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi-test
 * \ingroup tests
 *
 * \brief Test fragmentation of Information Elements
 */
class WifiIeFragmentationTest : public HeaderSerializationTestCase
{
  public:
    /**
     * Constructor
     * \param extended whether this IE includes an Element ID Extension field
     */
    WifiIeFragmentationTest(bool extended);
    ~WifiIeFragmentationTest() override = default;
 
    /**
     * Serialize the given element in a buffer.
     *
     * \param element the given element
     * \return the buffer in which the given element has been serialized
     */
    Buffer SerializeIntoBuffer(const WifiInformationElement& element);
 
    /**
     * Check that the given buffer contains the given value at the given position.
     *
     * \param buffer the given buffer
     * \param position the given position (starting at 0)
     * \param value the given value
     */
    void CheckSerializedByte(const Buffer& buffer, uint32_t position, uint8_t value);
 
  private:
    void DoRun() override;
 
    bool m_extended; //!< whether the IE includes an Element ID Extension field
};
 
WifiIeFragmentationTest ::WifiIeFragmentationTest(bool extended)
    : HeaderSerializationTestCase("Check fragmentation of Information Elements"),
      m_extended(extended)
{
}
 
Buffer
WifiIeFragmentationTest::SerializeIntoBuffer(const WifiInformationElement& element)
{
    Buffer buffer;
    buffer.AddAtStart(element.GetSerializedSize());
    element.Serialize(buffer.Begin());
    return buffer;
}
 
void
WifiIeFragmentationTest::CheckSerializedByte(const Buffer& buffer, uint32_t position, uint8_t value)
{
    Buffer::Iterator it = buffer.Begin();
    it.Next(position);
    uint8_t byte = it.ReadU8();
    NS_TEST_EXPECT_MSG_EQ(+byte, +value, "Unexpected byte at pos=" << position);
}
 
void
WifiIeFragmentationTest::DoRun()
{
    // maximum IE size to avoid incurring IE fragmentation
    uint16_t limit = m_extended ? 254 : 255;
 
    TestHeader header;
    g_extendedIe = m_extended;
 
    /*
     * Add an IE (containing 2 subelements). No fragmentation occurs
     */
 
    uint16_t sub01Size = 50;
    uint16_t sub02Size = limit - sub01Size;
 
    auto sub01 =
        TestWifiSubElement(sub01Size - 2, 53); // minus 2 to account for Subelement ID and Length
    auto sub02 = TestWifiSubElement(sub02Size - 2, 26);
 
    auto testIe = TestWifiInformationElement(m_extended);
    testIe.AddSubelement(std::move(sub01));
    testIe.AddSubelement(std::move(sub02));
 
    {
        Buffer buffer = SerializeIntoBuffer(testIe);
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 1, 255); // element length is the maximum length
        if (m_extended)
        {
            CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 2, testIe.ElementIdExt());
        }
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, (m_extended ? 3 : 2), TestWifiSubElement().ElementId());
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + 1, sub01Size - 2); // subelement 1 Length
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + sub01Size,
                            TestWifiSubElement().ElementId());
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + sub01Size + 1,
                            sub02Size - 2); // subelement 2 Length
    }
 
    header.Get<TestWifiInformationElement>().push_back(std::move(testIe));
    uint32_t expectedHdrSize = 2 + 255;
    NS_TEST_EXPECT_MSG_EQ(header.GetSerializedSize(), expectedHdrSize, "Unexpected header size");
    TestHeaderSerialization(header);
 
    /*
     * Add an IE (containing 2 subelements) that is fragmented into 2 fragments.
     * Subelements are not fragmented
     */
    sub01Size = 65;
    sub02Size = limit + 1 - sub01Size;
 
    sub01 =
        TestWifiSubElement(sub01Size - 2, 47); // minus 2 to account for Subelement ID and Length
    sub02 = TestWifiSubElement(sub02Size - 2, 71);
 
    testIe = TestWifiInformationElement(m_extended);
    testIe.AddSubelement(std::move(sub01));
    testIe.AddSubelement(std::move(sub02));
 
    {
        Buffer buffer = SerializeIntoBuffer(testIe);
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 1, 255); // maximum length for first element fragment
        if (m_extended)
        {
            CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 2, testIe.ElementIdExt());
        }
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, (m_extended ? 3 : 2), TestWifiSubElement().ElementId());
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + 1, sub01Size - 2); // subelement 1 Length
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + sub01Size,
                            TestWifiSubElement().ElementId());
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + sub01Size + 1,
                            sub02Size - 2);                // subelement 2 Length
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 2 + 255, IE_FRAGMENT); // Fragment ID
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            2 + 255 + 1,
                            1); // the length of the second element fragment is 1
    }
 
    header.Get<TestWifiInformationElement>().push_back(std::move(testIe));
    expectedHdrSize += 2 + 255  // first fragment
                       + 2 + 1; // second fragment
    NS_TEST_EXPECT_MSG_EQ(header.GetSerializedSize(), expectedHdrSize, "Unexpected header size");
    TestHeaderSerialization(header);
 
    /*
     * Add an IE (containing 3 subelements) that is fragmented into 2 fragments.
     * Subelements are not fragmented
     */
    sub01Size = 200;
    sub02Size = 200;
    uint16_t sub03Size = limit + 255 - sub01Size - sub02Size;
 
    sub01 =
        TestWifiSubElement(sub01Size - 2, 16); // minus 2 to account for Subelement ID and Length
    sub02 = TestWifiSubElement(sub02Size - 2, 83);
    auto sub03 = TestWifiSubElement(sub03Size - 2, 98);
 
    testIe = TestWifiInformationElement(m_extended);
    testIe.AddSubelement(std::move(sub01));
    testIe.AddSubelement(std::move(sub02));
    testIe.AddSubelement(std::move(sub03));
 
    {
        Buffer buffer = SerializeIntoBuffer(testIe);
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 1, 255); // maximum length for first element fragment
        if (m_extended)
        {
            CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 2, testIe.ElementIdExt());
        }
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, (m_extended ? 3 : 2), TestWifiSubElement().ElementId());
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + 1, sub01Size - 2); // subelement 1 Length
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + sub01Size,
                            TestWifiSubElement().ElementId());
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + sub01Size + 1,
                            sub02Size - 2);                // subelement 2 Length
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 2 + 255, IE_FRAGMENT); // Fragment ID
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 2 + 255 + 1, 255); // maximum length for second element fragment
    }
 
    header.Get<TestWifiInformationElement>().push_back(std::move(testIe));
    expectedHdrSize += 2 + 255    // first fragment
                       + 2 + 255; // second fragment
    NS_TEST_EXPECT_MSG_EQ(header.GetSerializedSize(), expectedHdrSize, "Unexpected header size");
    TestHeaderSerialization(header);
 
    /*
     * Add an IE (containing 3 subelements) that is fragmented into 3 fragments.
     * Subelements are not fragmented
     */
    sub01Size = 200;
    sub02Size = 200;
    sub03Size = limit + 255 + 1 - sub01Size - sub02Size;
 
    sub01 =
        TestWifiSubElement(sub01Size - 2, 20); // minus 2 to account for Subelement ID and Length
    sub02 = TestWifiSubElement(sub02Size - 2, 77);
    sub03 = TestWifiSubElement(sub03Size - 2, 14);
 
    testIe = TestWifiInformationElement(m_extended);
    testIe.AddSubelement(std::move(sub01));
    testIe.AddSubelement(std::move(sub02));
    testIe.AddSubelement(std::move(sub03));
 
    {
        Buffer buffer = SerializeIntoBuffer(testIe);
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 1, 255); // maximum length for first element fragment
        if (m_extended)
        {
            CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 2, testIe.ElementIdExt());
        }
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, (m_extended ? 3 : 2), TestWifiSubElement().ElementId());
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + 1, sub01Size - 2); // subelement 1 Length
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + sub01Size,
                            TestWifiSubElement().ElementId());
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + sub01Size + 1,
                            sub02Size - 2);                // subelement 2 Length
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 2 + 255, IE_FRAGMENT); // Fragment ID
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 2 + 255 + 1, 255);     // maximum length for second fragment
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + sub01Size + 2 + sub02Size,
                            TestWifiSubElement().ElementId());
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + sub01Size + 2 + sub02Size + 1,
                            sub03Size - 2);                      // subelement 3 Length
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 2 * (2 + 255), IE_FRAGMENT); // Fragment ID
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 2 * (2 + 255) + 1, 1); // the length of the third fragment is 1
    }
 
    header.Get<TestWifiInformationElement>().push_back(std::move(testIe));
    expectedHdrSize += 2 + 255   // first fragment
                       + 2 + 255 // second fragment
                       + 2 + 1;  // third fragment
    NS_TEST_EXPECT_MSG_EQ(header.GetSerializedSize(), expectedHdrSize, "Unexpected header size");
    TestHeaderSerialization(header);
 
    /*
     * Add an IE containing one subelement of the maximum size.
     * The IE is fragmented into 2 fragments.
     */
    sub01Size = 2 + 255;
 
    sub01 =
        TestWifiSubElement(sub01Size - 2, 47); // minus 2 to account for Subelement ID and Length
 
    testIe = TestWifiInformationElement(m_extended);
    testIe.AddSubelement(std::move(sub01));
 
    {
        Buffer buffer = SerializeIntoBuffer(testIe);
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 1, 255); // maximum length for first element fragment
        if (m_extended)
        {
            CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 2, testIe.ElementIdExt());
        }
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, (m_extended ? 3 : 2), TestWifiSubElement().ElementId());
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + 1, sub01Size - 2); // subelement 1 Length
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 2 + 255, IE_FRAGMENT);                    // Fragment ID
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            2 + 255 + 1,
                            (m_extended ? 3 : 2)); // length of the second element fragment
    }
 
    header.Get<TestWifiInformationElement>().push_back(std::move(testIe));
    expectedHdrSize += 2 + 255                     // first fragment
                       + 2 + (m_extended ? 3 : 2); // second fragment
    NS_TEST_EXPECT_MSG_EQ(header.GetSerializedSize(), expectedHdrSize, "Unexpected header size");
    TestHeaderSerialization(header);
 
    /*
     * Add an IE containing one subelement that gets fragmented.
     * The IE is fragmented into 2 fragments as well.
     */
    sub01Size = 2 + 256;
 
    sub01 =
        TestWifiSubElement(sub01Size - 2, 84); // minus 2 to account for Subelement ID and Length
 
    testIe = TestWifiInformationElement(m_extended);
    testIe.AddSubelement(std::move(sub01));
 
    {
        Buffer buffer = SerializeIntoBuffer(testIe);
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 1, 255); // maximum length for first element fragment
        if (m_extended)
        {
            CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 2, testIe.ElementIdExt());
        }
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, (m_extended ? 3 : 2), TestWifiSubElement().ElementId());
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + 1,
                            255); // first subelement fragment Length
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            2 + 255,
                            IE_FRAGMENT); // Fragment ID for second element fragment
        // Subelement bytes in first element fragment: X = 255 - 1 (Ext ID, if any) - 1 (Sub ID) - 1
        // (Sub Length) Subelement bytes in second element fragment: Y = 256 - X = (m_extended ? 4 :
        // 3) Length of the second element fragment: Y + 2 (Fragment ID and Length for second
        // subelement fragment)
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer, 2 + 255 + 1, (m_extended ? 6 : 5));
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            2 + 255 + 2 + (m_extended ? 3 : 2),
                            IE_FRAGMENT); // Fragment ID for second subelement fragment
        CheckSerializedByte(buffer,
                            2 + 255 + 2 + (m_extended ? 3 : 2) + 1,
                            1); // Length for second subelement fragment
    }
 
    header.Get<TestWifiInformationElement>().push_back(std::move(testIe));
    expectedHdrSize += 2 + 255                     // first fragment
                       + 2 + (m_extended ? 6 : 5); // second fragment
    NS_TEST_EXPECT_MSG_EQ(header.GetSerializedSize(), expectedHdrSize, "Unexpected header size");
    TestHeaderSerialization(header);
}
 
/**
 * \ingroup wifi-test
 * \ingroup tests
 *
 * \brief wifi Information Element fragmentation Test Suite
 */
class WifiIeFragmentationTestSuite : public TestSuite
{
  public:
    WifiIeFragmentationTestSuite();
};
 
WifiIeFragmentationTestSuite::WifiIeFragmentationTestSuite()
    : TestSuite("wifi-ie-fragment", Type::UNIT)
{
    AddTestCase(new WifiIeFragmentationTest(false), TestCase::Duration::QUICK);
    AddTestCase(new WifiIeFragmentationTest(true), TestCase::Duration::QUICK);
}
 
static WifiIeFragmentationTestSuite g_wifiIeFragmentationTestSuite; ///< the test suite