end-device-lorawan-mac.cc

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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2017 University of Padova
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
 *
 * Author: Davide Magrin <magrinda@dei.unipd.it>
 *         Martina Capuzzo <capuzzom@dei.unipd.it>
 *
 * Modified by: Peggy Anderson <peggy.anderson@usask.ca>
 */
 
#include "end-device-lorawan-mac.h"
 
#include "class-a-end-device-lorawan-mac.h"
#include "end-device-lora-phy.h"
 
#include "ns3/log.h"
#include "ns3/simulator.h"
 
#include <algorithm>
 
namespace ns3
{
namespace lorawan
{
 
NS_LOG_COMPONENT_DEFINE("EndDeviceLorawanMac");
 
NS_OBJECT_ENSURE_REGISTERED(EndDeviceLorawanMac);
 
TypeId
EndDeviceLorawanMac::GetTypeId()
{
    static TypeId tid =
        TypeId("ns3::EndDeviceLorawanMac")
            .SetParent<LorawanMac>()
            .SetGroupName("lorawan")
            .AddTraceSource("RequiredTransmissions",
                            "Total number of transmissions required to deliver this packet",
                            MakeTraceSourceAccessor(&EndDeviceLorawanMac::m_requiredTxCallback),
                            "ns3::TracedValueCallback::uint8_t")
            .AddAttribute("DataRate",
                          "Data rate currently employed by this end device",
                          UintegerValue(0),
                          MakeUintegerAccessor(&EndDeviceLorawanMac::m_dataRate),
                          MakeUintegerChecker<uint8_t>(0, 5))
            .AddTraceSource("DataRate",
                            "Data rate currently employed by this end device",
                            MakeTraceSourceAccessor(&EndDeviceLorawanMac::m_dataRate),
                            "ns3::TracedValueCallback::uint8_t")
            .AddAttribute(
                "DRControl",
                "Whether to request the network server to control this device's data rate",
                BooleanValue(),
                MakeBooleanAccessor(&EndDeviceLorawanMac::m_controlDataRate),
                MakeBooleanChecker())
            .AddTraceSource("TxPower",
                            "Transmission power currently employed by this end device",
                            MakeTraceSourceAccessor(&EndDeviceLorawanMac::m_txPower),
                            "ns3::TracedValueCallback::Double")
            .AddTraceSource("LastKnownLinkMargin",
                            "Last known demodulation margin in "
                            "communications between this end device "
                            "and a gateway",
                            MakeTraceSourceAccessor(&EndDeviceLorawanMac::m_lastKnownLinkMargin),
                            "ns3::TracedValueCallback::Double")
            .AddTraceSource("LastKnownGatewayCount",
                            "Last known number of gateways able to "
                            "listen to this end device",
                            MakeTraceSourceAccessor(&EndDeviceLorawanMac::m_lastKnownGatewayCount),
                            "ns3::TracedValueCallback::Int")
            .AddTraceSource("AggregatedDutyCycle",
                            "Aggregate duty cycle, in fraction form, "
                            "this end device must respect",
                            MakeTraceSourceAccessor(&EndDeviceLorawanMac::m_aggregatedDutyCycle),
                            "ns3::TracedValueCallback::Double")
            .AddAttribute("MaxTransmissions",
                          "Maximum number of transmissions for a packet",
                          IntegerValue(8),
                          MakeIntegerAccessor(&EndDeviceLorawanMac::m_maxNumbTx),
                          MakeIntegerChecker<uint8_t>())
            .AddAttribute("EnableEDDataRateAdaptation",
                          "Whether the end device should up its data rate "
                          "in case it doesn't get a reply from the network server.",
                          BooleanValue(false),
                          MakeBooleanAccessor(&EndDeviceLorawanMac::m_enableDRAdapt),
                          MakeBooleanChecker())
            .AddAttribute("MType",
                          "Specify type of message will be sent by this end device.",
                          EnumValue(LorawanMacHeader::UNCONFIRMED_DATA_UP),
                          MakeEnumAccessor<LorawanMacHeader::MType>(&EndDeviceLorawanMac::m_mType),
                          MakeEnumChecker(LorawanMacHeader::UNCONFIRMED_DATA_UP,
                                          "Unconfirmed",
                                          LorawanMacHeader::CONFIRMED_DATA_UP,
                                          "Confirmed"))
            .AddConstructor<EndDeviceLorawanMac>();
    return tid;
}
 
EndDeviceLorawanMac::EndDeviceLorawanMac()
    : m_enableDRAdapt(false),
      m_maxNumbTx(8),
      m_dataRate(0),
      m_txPower(14),
      m_codingRate(1),
      // LoraWAN default
      m_headerDisabled(false),
      // LoraWAN default
      m_address(LoraDeviceAddress(0)),
      // LoraWAN default
      m_receiveWindowDurationInSymbols(8),
      // LoraWAN default
      m_controlDataRate(false),
      m_lastKnownLinkMargin(0),
      m_lastKnownGatewayCount(0),
      m_aggregatedDutyCycle(1),
      m_mType(LorawanMacHeader::CONFIRMED_DATA_UP),
      m_currentFCnt(0)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
 
    // Initialize the random variable we'll use to decide which channel to
    // transmit on.
    m_uniformRV = CreateObject<UniformRandomVariable>();
 
    // Void the transmission event
    m_nextTx = EventId();
    m_nextTx.Cancel();
 
    // Initialize structure for retransmission parameters
    m_retxParams = EndDeviceLorawanMac::LoraRetxParameters();
    m_retxParams.retxLeft = m_maxNumbTx;
}
 
EndDeviceLorawanMac::~EndDeviceLorawanMac()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION_NOARGS();
}
 
////////////////////////
//  Sending methods   //
////////////////////////
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::Send(Ptr<Packet> packet)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << packet);
 
    // If it is not possible to transmit now because of the duty cycle,
    // or because we are receiving, schedule a tx/retx later
 
    Time netxTxDelay = GetNextTransmissionDelay();
    if (netxTxDelay != Seconds(0))
    {
        postponeTransmission(netxTxDelay, packet);
        return;
    }
 
    // Pick a channel on which to transmit the packet
    Ptr<LogicalLoraChannel> txChannel = GetChannelForTx();
 
    if (!(txChannel && m_retxParams.retxLeft > 0))
    {
        if (!txChannel)
        {
            m_cannotSendBecauseDutyCycle(packet);
        }
        else
        {
            NS_LOG_INFO("Max number of transmission achieved: packet not transmitted.");
        }
    }
    else
    // the transmitting channel is available and we have not run out the maximum number of
    // retransmissions
    {
        // Make sure we can transmit at the current power on this channel
        NS_ASSERT_MSG(m_txPower <= m_channelHelper->GetTxPowerForChannel(txChannel),
                      " The selected power is too high to be supported by this channel.");
        DoSend(packet);
    }
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::postponeTransmission(Time netxTxDelay, Ptr<Packet> packet)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    // Delete previously scheduled transmissions if any.
    Simulator::Cancel(m_nextTx);
    m_nextTx = Simulator::Schedule(netxTxDelay, &EndDeviceLorawanMac::DoSend, this, packet);
    NS_LOG_WARN("Attempting to send, but the aggregate duty cycle won't allow it. Scheduling a tx "
                "at a delay "
                << netxTxDelay.GetSeconds() << ".");
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::DoSend(Ptr<Packet> packet)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    // Checking if this is the transmission of a new packet
    if (packet != m_retxParams.packet)
    {
        NS_LOG_DEBUG(
            "Received a new packet from application. Resetting retransmission parameters.");
        m_currentFCnt++;
        NS_LOG_DEBUG("APP packet: " << packet << ".");
 
        // Add the Lora Frame Header to the packet
        LoraFrameHeader frameHdr;
        ApplyNecessaryOptions(frameHdr);
        packet->AddHeader(frameHdr);
 
        NS_LOG_INFO("Added frame header of size " << frameHdr.GetSerializedSize() << " bytes.");
 
        // Check that MACPayload length is below the allowed maximum
        if (packet->GetSize() > m_maxAppPayloadForDataRate.at(m_dataRate))
        {
            NS_LOG_WARN("Attempting to send a packet larger than the maximum allowed"
                        << " size at this Data Rate (DR" << unsigned(m_dataRate)
                        << "). Transmission canceled.");
            return;
        }
 
        // Add the Lora Mac header to the packet
        LorawanMacHeader macHdr;
        ApplyNecessaryOptions(macHdr);
        packet->AddHeader(macHdr);
 
        // Reset MAC command list
        m_macCommandList.clear();
 
        if (m_retxParams.waitingAck)
        {
            // Call the callback to notify about the failure
            uint8_t txs = m_maxNumbTx - (m_retxParams.retxLeft);
            m_requiredTxCallback(txs, false, m_retxParams.firstAttempt, m_retxParams.packet);
            NS_LOG_DEBUG(" Received new packet from the application layer: stopping retransmission "
                         "procedure. Used "
                         << unsigned(txs) << " transmissions out of a maximum of "
                         << unsigned(m_maxNumbTx) << ".");
        }
 
        // Reset retransmission parameters
        resetRetransmissionParameters();
 
        // If this is the first transmission of a confirmed packet, save parameters for the
        // (possible) next retransmissions.
        if (m_mType == LorawanMacHeader::CONFIRMED_DATA_UP)
        {
            m_retxParams.packet = packet->Copy();
            m_retxParams.retxLeft = m_maxNumbTx;
            m_retxParams.waitingAck = true;
            m_retxParams.firstAttempt = Simulator::Now();
            m_retxParams.retxLeft =
                m_retxParams.retxLeft - 1; // decreasing the number of retransmissions
 
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("Message type is " << m_mType);
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("It is a confirmed packet. Setting retransmission parameters and "
                         "decreasing the number of transmissions left.");
 
            NS_LOG_INFO("Added MAC header of size " << macHdr.GetSerializedSize() << " bytes.");
 
            // Sent a new packet
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("Copied packet: " << m_retxParams.packet);
            m_sentNewPacket(m_retxParams.packet);
 
            // static_cast<ClassAEndDeviceLorawanMac*>(this)->SendToPhy (m_retxParams.packet);
            SendToPhy(m_retxParams.packet);
        }
        else
        {
            m_sentNewPacket(packet);
            // static_cast<ClassAEndDeviceLorawanMac*>(this)->SendToPhy (packet);
            SendToPhy(packet);
        }
    }
    // this is a retransmission
    else
    {
        if (m_retxParams.waitingAck)
        {
            // Remove the headers
            LorawanMacHeader macHdr;
            LoraFrameHeader frameHdr;
            packet->RemoveHeader(macHdr);
            packet->RemoveHeader(frameHdr);
 
            // Add the Lora Frame Header to the packet
            frameHdr = LoraFrameHeader();
            ApplyNecessaryOptions(frameHdr);
            packet->AddHeader(frameHdr);
 
            NS_LOG_INFO("Added frame header of size " << frameHdr.GetSerializedSize() << " bytes.");
 
            // Add the Lorawan Mac header to the packet
            macHdr = LorawanMacHeader();
            ApplyNecessaryOptions(macHdr);
            packet->AddHeader(macHdr);
            m_retxParams.retxLeft =
                m_retxParams.retxLeft - 1; // decreasing the number of retransmissions
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("Retransmitting an old packet.");
 
            // static_cast<ClassAEndDeviceLorawanMac*>(this)->SendToPhy (m_retxParams.packet);
            SendToPhy(m_retxParams.packet);
        }
    }
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::SendToPhy(Ptr<Packet> packet)
{
}
 
//////////////////////////
//  Receiving methods   //
//////////////////////////
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::Receive(Ptr<const Packet> packet)
{
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::FailedReception(Ptr<const Packet> packet)
{
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::ParseCommands(LoraFrameHeader frameHeader)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << frameHeader);
 
    if (m_retxParams.waitingAck)
    {
        if (frameHeader.GetAck())
        {
            NS_LOG_INFO("The message is an ACK, not waiting for it anymore.");
 
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("Reset retransmission variables to default values and cancel "
                         "retransmission if already scheduled.");
 
            uint8_t txs = m_maxNumbTx - (m_retxParams.retxLeft);
            m_requiredTxCallback(txs, true, m_retxParams.firstAttempt, m_retxParams.packet);
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("Received ACK packet after "
                         << unsigned(txs) << " transmissions: stopping retransmission procedure. ");
 
            // Reset retransmission parameters
            resetRetransmissionParameters();
        }
        else
        {
            NS_LOG_ERROR(
                "Received downlink message not containing an ACK while we were waiting for it!");
        }
    }
 
    std::list<Ptr<MacCommand>> commands = frameHeader.GetCommands();
    std::list<Ptr<MacCommand>>::iterator it;
    for (it = commands.begin(); it != commands.end(); it++)
    {
        NS_LOG_DEBUG("Iterating over the MAC commands...");
        enum MacCommandType type = (*it)->GetCommandType();
        switch (type)
        {
        case (LINK_CHECK_ANS): {
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("Detected a LinkCheckAns command.");
 
            // Cast the command
            Ptr<LinkCheckAns> linkCheckAns = DynamicCast<LinkCheckAns>(*it);
 
            // Call the appropriate function to take action
            OnLinkCheckAns(linkCheckAns->GetMargin(), linkCheckAns->GetGwCnt());
 
            break;
        }
        case (LINK_ADR_REQ): {
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("Detected a LinkAdrReq command.");
 
            // Cast the command
            Ptr<LinkAdrReq> linkAdrReq = DynamicCast<LinkAdrReq>(*it);
 
            // Call the appropriate function to take action
            OnLinkAdrReq(linkAdrReq->GetDataRate(),
                         linkAdrReq->GetTxPower(),
                         linkAdrReq->GetEnabledChannelsList(),
                         linkAdrReq->GetRepetitions());
 
            break;
        }
        case (DUTY_CYCLE_REQ): {
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("Detected a DutyCycleReq command.");
 
            // Cast the command
            Ptr<DutyCycleReq> dutyCycleReq = DynamicCast<DutyCycleReq>(*it);
 
            // Call the appropriate function to take action
            OnDutyCycleReq(dutyCycleReq->GetMaximumAllowedDutyCycle());
 
            break;
        }
        case (RX_PARAM_SETUP_REQ): {
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("Detected a RxParamSetupReq command.");
 
            // Cast the command
            Ptr<RxParamSetupReq> rxParamSetupReq = DynamicCast<RxParamSetupReq>(*it);
 
            // Call the appropriate function to take action
            OnRxParamSetupReq(rxParamSetupReq);
 
            break;
        }
        case (DEV_STATUS_REQ): {
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("Detected a DevStatusReq command.");
 
            // Cast the command
            Ptr<DevStatusReq> devStatusReq = DynamicCast<DevStatusReq>(*it);
 
            // Call the appropriate function to take action
            OnDevStatusReq();
 
            break;
        }
        case (NEW_CHANNEL_REQ): {
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("Detected a NewChannelReq command.");
 
            // Cast the command
            Ptr<NewChannelReq> newChannelReq = DynamicCast<NewChannelReq>(*it);
 
            // Call the appropriate function to take action
            OnNewChannelReq(newChannelReq->GetChannelIndex(),
                            newChannelReq->GetFrequency(),
                            newChannelReq->GetMinDataRate(),
                            newChannelReq->GetMaxDataRate());
 
            break;
        }
        case (RX_TIMING_SETUP_REQ):
        case (TX_PARAM_SETUP_REQ):
        case (DL_CHANNEL_REQ):
        default: {
            NS_LOG_ERROR("CID not recognized or supported");
            break;
        }
        }
    }
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::ApplyNecessaryOptions(LoraFrameHeader& frameHeader)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION_NOARGS();
 
    frameHeader.SetAsUplink();
    frameHeader.SetFPort(1); // TODO Use an appropriate frame port based on the application
    frameHeader.SetAddress(m_address);
    frameHeader.SetAdr(m_controlDataRate);
    frameHeader.SetAdrAckReq(false); // TODO Set ADRACKREQ if a member variable is true
 
    // FPending does not exist in uplink messages
    frameHeader.SetFCnt(m_currentFCnt);
 
    // Add listed MAC commands
    for (const auto& command : m_macCommandList)
    {
        NS_LOG_INFO("Applying a MAC Command of CID "
                    << unsigned(MacCommand::GetCIDFromMacCommand(command->GetCommandType())));
 
        frameHeader.AddCommand(command);
    }
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::ApplyNecessaryOptions(LorawanMacHeader& macHeader)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION_NOARGS();
 
    macHeader.SetMType(m_mType);
    macHeader.SetMajor(1);
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::SetMType(LorawanMacHeader::MType mType)
{
    m_mType = mType;
    NS_LOG_DEBUG("Message type is set to " << mType);
}
 
LorawanMacHeader::MType
EndDeviceLorawanMac::GetMType()
{
    return m_mType;
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::TxFinished(Ptr<const Packet> packet)
{
}
 
Time
EndDeviceLorawanMac::GetNextClassTransmissionDelay(Time waitingTime)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION_NOARGS();
    return waitingTime;
}
 
Time
EndDeviceLorawanMac::GetNextTransmissionDelay()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION_NOARGS();
 
    //    Check duty cycle    //
 
    // Pick a random channel to transmit on
    std::vector<Ptr<LogicalLoraChannel>> logicalChannels;
    logicalChannels =
        m_channelHelper->GetEnabledChannelList(); // Use a separate list to do the shuffle
    // logicalChannels = Shuffle (logicalChannels);
 
    Time waitingTime = Time::Max();
 
    // Try every channel
    std::vector<Ptr<LogicalLoraChannel>>::iterator it;
    for (it = logicalChannels.begin(); it != logicalChannels.end(); ++it)
    {
        // Pointer to the current channel
        Ptr<LogicalLoraChannel> logicalChannel = *it;
        double frequency = logicalChannel->GetFrequency();
 
        waitingTime = std::min(waitingTime, m_channelHelper->GetWaitingTime(logicalChannel));
 
        NS_LOG_DEBUG("Waiting time before the next transmission in channel with frequency "
                     << frequency << " is = " << waitingTime.GetSeconds() << ".");
    }
 
    waitingTime = GetNextClassTransmissionDelay(waitingTime);
 
    return waitingTime;
}
 
Ptr<LogicalLoraChannel>
EndDeviceLorawanMac::GetChannelForTx()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION_NOARGS();
 
    // Pick a random channel to transmit on
    std::vector<Ptr<LogicalLoraChannel>> logicalChannels;
    logicalChannels =
        m_channelHelper->GetEnabledChannelList(); // Use a separate list to do the shuffle
    logicalChannels = Shuffle(logicalChannels);
 
    // Try every channel
    std::vector<Ptr<LogicalLoraChannel>>::iterator it;
    for (it = logicalChannels.begin(); it != logicalChannels.end(); ++it)
    {
        // Pointer to the current channel
        Ptr<LogicalLoraChannel> logicalChannel = *it;
        double frequency = logicalChannel->GetFrequency();
 
        NS_LOG_DEBUG("Frequency of the current channel: " << frequency);
 
        // Verify that we can send the packet
        Time waitingTime = m_channelHelper->GetWaitingTime(logicalChannel);
 
        NS_LOG_DEBUG("Waiting time for current channel = " << waitingTime.GetSeconds());
 
        // Send immediately if we can
        if (waitingTime == Seconds(0))
        {
            return *it;
        }
        else
        {
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("Packet cannot be immediately transmitted on "
                         << "the current channel because of duty cycle limitations.");
        }
    }
    return nullptr; // In this case, no suitable channel was found
}
 
std::vector<Ptr<LogicalLoraChannel>>
EndDeviceLorawanMac::Shuffle(std::vector<Ptr<LogicalLoraChannel>> vector)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION_NOARGS();
 
    int size = vector.size();
 
    for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
    {
        uint16_t random = std::floor(m_uniformRV->GetValue(0, size));
        Ptr<LogicalLoraChannel> temp = vector.at(random);
        vector.at(random) = vector.at(i);
        vector.at(i) = temp;
    }
 
    return vector;
}
 
/////////////////////////
// Setters and Getters //
/////////////////////////
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::resetRetransmissionParameters()
{
    m_retxParams.waitingAck = false;
    m_retxParams.retxLeft = m_maxNumbTx;
    m_retxParams.packet = nullptr;
    m_retxParams.firstAttempt = Seconds(0);
 
    // Cancel next retransmissions, if any
    Simulator::Cancel(m_nextTx);
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::SetDataRateAdaptation(bool adapt)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << adapt);
    m_enableDRAdapt = adapt;
}
 
bool
EndDeviceLorawanMac::GetDataRateAdaptation() const
{
    return m_enableDRAdapt;
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::SetMaxNumberOfTransmissions(uint8_t maxNumbTx)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << unsigned(maxNumbTx));
    m_maxNumbTx = maxNumbTx;
    m_retxParams.retxLeft = maxNumbTx;
}
 
uint8_t
EndDeviceLorawanMac::GetMaxNumberOfTransmissions()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
    return m_maxNumbTx;
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::SetDataRate(uint8_t dataRate)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << unsigned(dataRate));
 
    m_dataRate = dataRate;
}
 
uint8_t
EndDeviceLorawanMac::GetDataRate()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
 
    return m_dataRate;
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::SetDeviceAddress(LoraDeviceAddress address)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << address);
 
    m_address = address;
}
 
LoraDeviceAddress
EndDeviceLorawanMac::GetDeviceAddress()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
 
    return m_address;
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::OnLinkCheckAns(uint8_t margin, uint8_t gwCnt)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << unsigned(margin) << unsigned(gwCnt));
 
    m_lastKnownLinkMargin = margin;
    m_lastKnownGatewayCount = gwCnt;
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::OnLinkAdrReq(uint8_t dataRate,
                                  uint8_t txPower,
                                  std::list<int> enabledChannels,
                                  int repetitions)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << unsigned(dataRate) << unsigned(txPower) << repetitions);
 
    // Three bools for three requirements before setting things up
    bool channelMaskOk = true;
    bool dataRateOk = true;
    bool txPowerOk = true;
 
    // Check the channel mask
    /////////////////////////
    // Check whether all specified channels exist on this device
    auto channelList = m_channelHelper->GetChannelList();
    int channelListSize = channelList.size();
 
    for (auto it = enabledChannels.begin(); it != enabledChannels.end(); it++)
    {
        if ((*it) > channelListSize)
        {
            channelMaskOk = false;
            break;
        }
    }
 
    // Check the dataRate
    /////////////////////
    // We need to know we can use it at all
    // To assess this, we try and convert it to a spreading factor / bandwidth combination and check
    // if those values are valid. Since GetSfFromDataRate and GetBandwidthFromDataRate return 0 if
    // the dataRate is not recognized, we can check against this.
    uint8_t sf = GetSfFromDataRate(dataRate);
    double bw = GetBandwidthFromDataRate(dataRate);
    NS_LOG_DEBUG("SF: " << unsigned(sf) << ", BW: " << bw);
    if (sf == 0 || bw == 0)
    {
        dataRateOk = false;
        NS_LOG_DEBUG("Data rate non valid");
    }
 
    // We need to know we can use it in at least one of the enabled channels
    // Cycle through available channels, stop when at least one is enabled for the
    // specified dataRate.
    if (dataRateOk && channelMaskOk) // If false, skip the check
    {
        bool foundAvailableChannel = false;
        for (auto it = enabledChannels.begin(); it != enabledChannels.end(); it++)
        {
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("MinDR: " << unsigned(channelList.at(*it)->GetMinimumDataRate()));
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("MaxDR: " << unsigned(channelList.at(*it)->GetMaximumDataRate()));
            if (channelList.at(*it)->GetMinimumDataRate() <= dataRate &&
                channelList.at(*it)->GetMaximumDataRate() >= dataRate)
            {
                foundAvailableChannel = true;
                break;
            }
        }
 
        if (!foundAvailableChannel)
        {
            dataRateOk = false;
            NS_LOG_DEBUG("Available channel not found");
        }
    }
 
    // Check the txPower
    ////////////////////
    // Check whether we can use this transmission power
    if (GetDbmForTxPower(txPower) == 0)
    {
        txPowerOk = false;
    }
 
    NS_LOG_DEBUG("Finished checking. ChannelMaskOk: " << channelMaskOk << ", "
                                                      << "DataRateOk: " << dataRateOk << ", "
                                                      << "txPowerOk: " << txPowerOk);
 
    // If all checks are successful, set parameters up
    //////////////////////////////////////////////////
    if (channelMaskOk && dataRateOk && txPowerOk)
    {
        // Cycle over all channels in the list
        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < m_channelHelper->GetChannelList().size(); i++)
        {
            if (std::find(enabledChannels.begin(), enabledChannels.end(), i) !=
                enabledChannels.end())
            {
                m_channelHelper->GetChannelList().at(i)->SetEnabledForUplink();
                NS_LOG_DEBUG("Channel " << i << " enabled");
            }
            else
            {
                m_channelHelper->GetChannelList().at(i)->DisableForUplink();
                NS_LOG_DEBUG("Channel " << i << " disabled");
            }
        }
 
        // Set the data rate
        m_dataRate = dataRate;
 
        // Set the transmission power
        m_txPower = GetDbmForTxPower(txPower);
    }
 
    // Craft a LinkAdrAns MAC command as a response
    ///////////////////////////////////////////////
    m_macCommandList.emplace_back(CreateObject<LinkAdrAns>(txPowerOk, dataRateOk, channelMaskOk));
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::OnDutyCycleReq(double dutyCycle)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << dutyCycle);
 
    // Make sure we get a value that makes sense
    NS_ASSERT(0 <= dutyCycle && dutyCycle < 1);
 
    // Set the new duty cycle value
    m_aggregatedDutyCycle = dutyCycle;
 
    // Craft a DutyCycleAns as response
    NS_LOG_INFO("Adding DutyCycleAns reply");
    m_macCommandList.emplace_back(CreateObject<DutyCycleAns>());
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::OnRxClassParamSetupReq(Ptr<RxParamSetupReq> rxParamSetupReq)
{
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::OnRxParamSetupReq(Ptr<RxParamSetupReq> rxParamSetupReq)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << rxParamSetupReq);
 
    // static_cast<ClassAEndDeviceLorawanMac*>(this)->OnRxClassParamSetupReq (rxParamSetupReq);
    OnRxClassParamSetupReq(rxParamSetupReq);
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::OnDevStatusReq()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
 
    uint8_t battery = 10; // XXX Fake battery level
    uint8_t margin = 10;  // XXX Fake margin
 
    // Craft a RxParamSetupAns as response
    NS_LOG_INFO("Adding DevStatusAns reply");
    m_macCommandList.emplace_back(CreateObject<DevStatusAns>(battery, margin));
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::OnNewChannelReq(uint8_t chIndex,
                                     double frequency,
                                     uint8_t minDataRate,
                                     uint8_t maxDataRate)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this);
 
    bool dataRateRangeOk = true;    // XXX Check whether the new data rate range is ok
    bool channelFrequencyOk = true; // XXX Check whether the frequency is ok
 
    // TODO Return false if one of the checks above failed
    // TODO Create new channel in the LogicalLoraChannelHelper
 
    SetLogicalChannel(chIndex, frequency, minDataRate, maxDataRate);
 
    NS_LOG_INFO("Adding NewChannelAns reply");
    m_macCommandList.emplace_back(CreateObject<NewChannelAns>(dataRateRangeOk, channelFrequencyOk));
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::AddLogicalChannel(double frequency)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << frequency);
 
    m_channelHelper->AddChannel(frequency);
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::AddLogicalChannel(Ptr<LogicalLoraChannel> logicalChannel)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << logicalChannel);
 
    m_channelHelper->AddChannel(logicalChannel);
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::SetLogicalChannel(uint8_t chIndex,
                                       double frequency,
                                       uint8_t minDataRate,
                                       uint8_t maxDataRate)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << unsigned(chIndex) << frequency << unsigned(minDataRate)
                         << unsigned(maxDataRate));
 
    m_channelHelper->SetChannel(
        chIndex,
        CreateObject<LogicalLoraChannel>(frequency, minDataRate, maxDataRate));
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::AddSubBand(double startFrequency,
                                double endFrequency,
                                double dutyCycle,
                                double maxTxPowerDbm)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION_NOARGS();
 
    m_channelHelper->AddSubBand(startFrequency, endFrequency, dutyCycle, maxTxPowerDbm);
}
 
double
EndDeviceLorawanMac::GetAggregatedDutyCycle()
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION_NOARGS();
 
    return m_aggregatedDutyCycle;
}
 
void
EndDeviceLorawanMac::AddMacCommand(Ptr<MacCommand> macCommand)
{
    NS_LOG_FUNCTION(this << macCommand);
 
    m_macCommandList.push_back(macCommand);
}
 
uint8_t
EndDeviceLorawanMac::GetTransmissionPower()
{
    return m_txPower;
}
} // namespace lorawan
} // namespace ns3